A compilation of subject-specific articles which
mention the CORROS error on the 1854 1r issue held in the Spanish-Philippine
Annotated Philatelic Bibliography, compiled 2 February 2025.
The compilation does not include where the subject
is mentioned in more general catalogues or in auction catalogues.
Atlee, W. (1870). Errors of engraving and printing - Part III. The Stamp-Collector's Magazine, vol 8, pp. 116-117 (1 August 1870).
Describes the only
“collectable error” of the Philippine stamps as being the 1854 1r issue with
the word CORROS instead of CORREOS. Notes that at one time a variety was given
from the 1864 5c issue with the Queen’s lips and thinner neck, but that this appears
to be a forgery.
Bartels, J. (1938). Comments and reminiscences - Philippines 1854 issue. Stamp Magazine, vol 24, p188. (8 June 1938).
Notes that the sheets of the 1854 issues comprised 40 stamps and that
each stamp on the copper plate was separately engraved. Reports that full
sheets are known of 10c carmine and 1r (mint) and 10c pale rose and 1r dull
blue (used); the largest block of the 5c orange contains 37 varieties (ex M
Mirabaud, currently F Tows). Notes that several sheets of 1r blue are known
with the ‘Habilitado po la Nacion’ overprint. The
article is ambiguous as to whether a dozen copies of this stamp are known, or
whether a dozen copies with the error CORROS are known with this overprint.
Additional note that only two examples of the 2r with this overprint are known
(one ex-Marabaud, and one Ferrary collections).
Corwin, C. (1889). Errors. The American Philatelist, vol 3 no 6, pp. 171.
Description of errors including the ‘CORROS’ error on the 1854 1r
issue of the Philippines. Also reports a meeting of the London Society (1 June
1872) where a block of 9 of the 1854 1r blue issue with the central stamp with
a 2r. Also noted is the 1877 issue of 12c surcharge on 2c rose, with surcharge
inverted. Also for the 1879 issue of 8c on 100m
carmine with lettering “COREROS” and “CORRIOS”. Also listed are various
surcharge errors of the 1881-1888 surcharges.
hed by the Spanish government of the stamps of Spain and its colonies.
Doctor Thebussem & Mariategui, E. (1871). (Segunda edicion de) Kpankla (y primera de) Klentron, Cartas philatelicas de Doctor Thebussem y Don Eduardo de Mariategui. [Second edition of Kpankla and first edition of Klenton, Philatelic letters of Doctor Thebussem and Don Eduardo de Mariategui]. 64pp. (pp.15-20 & 38-40) publ Madrid. (in Spanish).
The first edition of Kpankla was issued as Pardo
de Figuero (1870a). In Kpankla
Section 4 (p16) mentions the scarcity and high cost of 1r and 2r issues from
1854 to 1863 and notes that the “CORROS” error cannot be found at any price.
Section 8 of Kpankla (p40) provides a table
describing the comparative spread of correspondence between 1867 and 1869 in
various countries, including the Philippines.
Encarnacion, E. (1986). National philatelic treasures. Philippine Philatelic News, vol 8 (Special Edition) pp. 23-46.
Discussion on items that would
be good to be included in the National Postal Museum in Manila. Includes
illustrations of covers and documents from the Spanish-Philippine periods.
Glasgow, E. (1980). The Philippine Islands and their stamps. Gibbons Stamp Monthly, vol 10 no 9, pp. 60-61. (February 1980).
A general description of the history and the stamps of the
Philippines, including the Spanish period. A pair of 1853 1r issue which
includes the CORROS error is illustrated.
A letter with minor corrections to this article is provided in Gibbons Stamp Monthly (1980).
Good, A. (1910). The world’s greatest stamp errors. The American Philatelist, vol 23 no 6, pp. 4-9.
Includes description and illustration of the “CORROS” error on the
1854 1r issue.
Gooding, N. (2024e). 1-real CORROS error. Web page retrieved 2 February 2025 from Spanish-Philippines Philatelic Site: https://www.nigelgooding.co.uk/Spanish/Isabella/Corros/Corros%20Error.htm
List and illustrations of 41 known examples of the CORROS error. [A few
additional examples are currently known].
Harradine, P. (1975b). The Tapling collection.
Philippine Philatelic Society Journal, vol 1 no 2, pp. 19-27.
A useful and detailed list of
the Tapling Collection held at that time at the
British Museum (now in the British Library) with a frame by frame account of
the contents.
Larot, J. (2010t). 1 Real first issue of 1854, Rare CORROS error stamp, Position 26. Web blog page from Jim Jim JR’s Collections. (22 March 2010). https://jimjimjrscollections.blogspot.com/2010/03/spanish-philippines-1-real-first-issue_2709.html
Illustration of this stamp and suggests that there can be no more than
50 to 75 examples that originally existed.
Linn’s Stamp News. (1988). Scarce overprint variety featured in Philstamps all-Philippine May mail sale. Linn’s Stamp News, vol 35. (5 August 1988).
Report and illustration of
the upcoming sale of 1854 2r issue with “CORROS” error and “Habilitado
Por La Nacion” overprint. Also included is a flier noting that the price
realised was $13,200, reported to be the highest price ever paid for a
Philippine stamp.
[An account of the provenance of this stamp is provided by Miggins (1997b)].
London Philatelist. (1905). Philatelic note – The rarest stamp errors. The London Philatelist, vol 14 no 164, pp. 195-197. (August 1905).
Account of a list of the forty
rarest errors, compiled by the Senff Brothers and published in the Illustrierter Briefmarken Journal. The CORROS error of the Philippine 1854 1r blue issue
is included as number 28 on the list.
M.A.K. (1903). A comparison of prices. The Weekly Philatelic Era, vol 18 no 14, p115. (WN 554, 26 December 1903).
Review of “Catalogue des
Timbres Rares et Moyens” publ
A La Fare, Paris. This catalogue compares
prices of stamps as quoted in the standard catalogues. The catalogue also
includes latest transactions, reportedly reflecting the latest selling prices.
Mentions the 1854 1r blue “CORROS” error and compares the price with one sold
in Boston a short time ago. Also mentions Scott #173c and suggest the prices
quoted by Senf are those for a dangerous forgery emanating from Barcelona.
Mekeel’s Weekly. (1905). Our exchanges. edited by C.A. Howes, Mekeel’s Weekly Stamp News, vol 19 no 36, p299. (9 September 1905).
Account from Illustrierter Briefmarken Journal of a list of the forty rarest errors. The CORROS error
of the Philippine 1854 1r blue issue is included as number 28 on the list.
Mekeel’s Weekly. (1907d). Advert (F L Palmer). Mekeel’s Weekly Stamp News, vol 21 no 872 p313. (14 September 1907).
Advert of F. L Palmer, who had
recently set up a business in Baltimore calling attention to his fine stock of
Philippines and offering the 1854 1r blue “CORROS” error.
Mekeel’s Weekly. (1920). Advert (Hugo Griebert). Mekeel’s Weekly Stamp News, vol 34 no 48 p622. (27 November 1920).
Advert of Hugo Griebert of
London, advertising the availability and price list of ‘rare stamp of all
countries’ which included some of the early issues of the Philippines,
including the 1854 CORROS error.
Mekeel’s Weekly. (1923). Vienna Stamp Exhibition. Mekeel’s Weekly Stamp News, vol 37 no 51 p669. (WN 1720, 24 December 1923).
Account from Stanley
Gibbons Monthly Journal (1923) of an
interesting collection of the old Philippines with reconstructed sheets of the
1854 issue of 5c, 10c and 1r issues. Various strips and blocks of the “CORROS”
error are also noted.
Miggins, R. (1997b). Historical notes: Scott #25 ‘Corros’ error. IPPS Newsletter, vol 17 no 3, p13.
Report and illustration of
this stamp noting it was sold as lot no 330 in the Tows Collection of the
Philippines auction (Carl Pelander,
1948) for $290. Later sold in 1979 Sotherby Parke Bernet Stamp Auction (lot 119), the
catalogue did not identify the “CORROS” error and sold for only $550. Recently
sold in the 1988 Philstamps auction (lot 10) for
$13,200. Finally noting that it resides in Mario Que’s collection.
[This is the only recorded
example of this stamp with the “CORROS” error. The Philstamps
sale was noted in Linn’s Stamp News (1988)].
Peterson, D. (2007g). Significant changes in Philippines in 2008 Scott catalogue. Philippine Philatelic Journal, vol 29 no 4, p23.
Reports that significant pricing and editorial changes
made to Scott Catalogue (Scott, 2008). Colour illustrations are included. Increase in price
of 1854 2r “CORROS” error, reduction in price of #24A despite there being no
market activity, increase in price of #27A. The illustration of the HPLN
overprint (which may have been a reprint) has been replaced with a genuine
example.
Peterson, D. (2013c). Inventory of Scott #25 and #25A. Philippine Philatelic Journal, vol 35 no 3, pp. 37‑39.
Provides a table of known
examples and illustrates one of each. Comment that there are few forgeries of
these high-value overprinted examples.
[The table notes the existence of two stamps with the
“CORROS” error; however, the two entries represent the same stamp, i.e. only
one example is known, see for example Miggins (1997b)].
The Philatelist. (1874a). The editor’s letter-box. In “Papers for philatelists: being a re-issue of nos 1 to 6 of The Philatelist.” publ Stafford Smith & Co, Brighton & Marlborough & Co, London,
A reprint of The Philatelist (1867). Acknowledgement of a letter which notes the Philippine
stamps contain the inscription “CORREOS INTERIOR”.
Phillips, C. (1911a). The Buenos Ayres Philatelic Exhibition, the leading exhibits briefly described. Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal, vol 19 no 217, pp. 20-25. (31 January 1911).
Report (on p25) of Gold Medal awarded to Roberto de Soto for his
exhibit of Spain and Colonies, which included a fine lot of the Philippine
early issues including two shades of the CORROS error.
Revue Philatelique Francaise. (1899c). Les timbres erreurs. [The error stamps]. Revue Philatelique Francaise, vol 10 no 103, pp. 136-137. (in French).
Catalogue of stamp errors. Those
from the Spanish-Philippines include “colour errors of the 1872 issue 12 blue
and 62c rose, and the 1854 “CORROS” error on the 1r blue.
Reyes, R. (1938). The early issues of the Philippines. A.F.F (Magazine of the Asociacion Filatelica de Philippines), vol 3 no 2, pp. 3-4.
Account of the Philippine
currency and the 1854 issues including description of the “CORROS” error.
Discussion of whether there are two printings or not (of fine and coarse lines)
and observed that a sheet owned by Calman indicates some with fine lines and
some with coarse (although the article is not specific as to which sheet was
examined). Comments that Moens was the first to make a ‘minutious’
study of these stamps. Notes that Louis van Schaick owns a block of four with
CORROS error. Reports the existence of forgeries and cancels. See also Stanfield (1976).
Roussin, C. (1889). Prix courant de raretes. [Current prices of rarities]. 16pp. (pp. 14-15). publ. Chez Charles Roussin, Paris. (in French).
Price list for 1854 issues, including the CORROS error the 1855 and
1863 issues of stamps for sale at the shop of Ch. Roussin in Paris.
Skipton, S. (1890). Auction epitome for 1889. 58pp. (pp. 11, 15, 41 & 57). publ. WM. Brown, Salisbury, England.
Also titled ‘The auction epitome 1888-1889’ and described
as being an index to the auction catalogues giving the prices realized and a
list of various errors, curiosities etc. Includes auction sale of 1854 1r
CORROS error. Part 2 include a price list which gave the prices which various
stamps fetched. Part 3 included uncatalogued stamps which included a number of
surcharged stamps.
Skipton, S. (1891b). The auction epitome for 1890. The Philatelic Journal of Great Britain, vol 1 no 9, p155. (1 October 1891).
A summary of
auctions held in 1890, includes various Philippines including 1854 1r CORROS
error sold for 90shillings. Reprinted in Skipton
(1893).
Skipton, S. (1892). The auction epitome for 1891. The Philatelic Journal of Great Britain, vol 2 no 19, p143. (1 July 1892).
A summary of
auctions held in 1891, includes various Philippines including 1854 1r CORROS
error sold for 87 shillings/6d.
Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal. (1905a). Editorial – Errors. Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal, vol 16 no 183, pp. 38-39. (30 September 1905).
Account of a list of the forty rarest errors, compiled by the Senff
Brothers and published in the Illustrirter Briefmarken Journal, and
copied into the London Philatelist (1905). The CORROS error on the Philippine 1854 1r blue issue
is listed as number 28 in the list.
Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal. (1923). Vienna international stamp exhibition. (by ‘our special correspondent’). Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal, vol 1 no 2, p29. (November 1923).
Report of an interesting exhibit of the old Philippines with
reconstructed sheets of the 1854 issue of 5c, 10c and 1r issues. Various strips
and blocks of the “CORROS” error are also noted. This article was reprinted in Meekel’s Weekly (1923).